Para 26 in the textbook (authored by V. V. Noskov and T. P. Andreevskaya) typically covers The Decline of the Ottoman Empire or the processes of modernization and colonial expansion in Asia.
: The authority of the Sultans declined as local governors and military elites (such as the Janissaries) sought more independence. Para 26 in the textbook (authored by V
: Britain and France often supported the Ottoman Empire to prevent Russia from becoming too powerful in the region. 3. Attempts at Reform: The Tanzimat Para 26 in the textbook (authored by V