Encyclopedia Of: Islam

: Most academic libraries provide access through portals like UW-Madison or Princeton .

Encyclopaedia of Islam Online (English) - Brill Reference Works

For those not needing the dense academic detail of the Brill EI, several single-volume alternatives are available: Encyclopedia of Islam

: The Encyclopaedia of Islam Online allows users to search across all editions.

(1954–2005): Significantly expanded to include modern perspectives and contributions from Muslim scholars. It remains a definitive resource for historical and religious topics. : Most academic libraries provide access through portals

(1913–1936): Focused primarily on pre-modern history and was largely authored by European scholars.

The EI has been released in three distinct scholarly editions: Encyclopedia of Islam

: Direct access is available for purchase from Brill, with rates such as $18.00 for one day or $99.00 for 30 days.