Viewed discourse as a set of stable rules (like grammar) that dictate how meaning is made.

Analyzes how politicians use rhetoric and specific framing to influence public opinion and legitimize their actions. 4. Structuralist vs. Post-Structuralist Perspectives

Developed by thinkers like Jacques Derrida and Foucault, this view argues that discourse is fluid, unstable, and always tied to shifting historical and cultural contexts.