Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics, Books Ii--iv: Tr... ●

: The mean regarding fear and confidence. It is the willingness to face death or pain for a noble end.

This guide covers Books II through IV of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics , focusing on the edition translated with commentary by C.C.W. Taylor . 🏛️ Book II: The Nature of Virtue Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics, Books II--IV: Tr...

: Intellectual (taught) and Moral (habituated). : The mean regarding fear and confidence

: Acts originating in the agent with knowledge of the circumstances. Taylor

: Acts done under compulsion or through ignorance (specifically of particular facts).

: The mean regarding bodily pleasures (specifically touch and taste). The temperate person desires pleasant things in the right amount and manner. Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle | Book 2

Aristotle establishes that moral virtue is not innate but is acquired through —by repeatedly doing virtuous acts until they become part of one's character.